NAFTA has established the CANAMEX corridor for road transport between Canada and Mexico, which is also proposed for use by rail, pipeline and fibre-optic telecommunications infrastructure. It became a high-priority corridor under the U.S. Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991. In addition to the original NAFTA provisions, the USMCA borrows significant credits under the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade agreements and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for the Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP). On April 3, 2020, Mexico announced its willingness to implement the agreement and joined Canada. [15] The agreement came into force on July 1, 2020. [16] [17] [18] [19] Other provisions have been established for the settlement of disputes between investors and participating countries. Such rules allowed, among other things, companies or individual investors to sue against compensation from any signatory country that violated the rules of the treaty. Democratic candidate Bernie Sanders, who opposed the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, called it “a continuation of other disastrous trade agreements such as NAFTA, CAFTA and normal, long-term trade relations with China.” He believes that free trade agreements have led to the loss of American jobs and lower U.S. wages. Sanders said America needs to rebuild its production base with U.S. factories for well-paying jobs for the U.S. workforce, instead of relocating to China and elsewhere.

[126] [127] [128] From the outset, critics of NAFTA feared that the agreement would result in a move of U.S. jobs to Mexico, despite the additional NAALC. NAFTA, for example, has affected thousands of U.S. auto workers in this way. Many companies have relocated their production to Mexico and other countries where labour costs are lower. However, NAFTA may not be the source of these measures. President Donald Trump`s USMCA should allay those concerns. The White House estimates that the USMCA will create 600,000 jobs and increase the economy by $235 billion. NAFTA has not eliminated regulatory requirements for companies wishing to act internationally, such as rules of origin and documentation obligations, that determine whether certain products can be traded under NAFTA.